Bessler’s Wheel is the answer to Global Warming.

We've all heard the term Carbon net zero, but what exactly does it mean? Put simply, net zero refers to the balance between the amount of greenhouse gas i.e, Carbon Dioxide, that's produced and the amount that's removed from the atmosphere. It can be achieved through a combination of emission reduction and emission removal. This balance – or net zero – will happen when the amount of carbon we add to the atmosphere is no more than the amount removed.

Unfortunately the plans to achieve a balance between Carbon Dioxide removal versus its emission is already proving disastrously over-optimistic. The best guess was that a balance between the two could be won by the 2050s if we could cut emissions in half by 2030, but with China planning to build another 168 coal fired plants and the USA committing to a huge oil drilling project on pristine land in Alaska, the future looks grim.

These old methods of generating energy are expensive, wasteful, polluting and inefficient. In general the modern methods of generating energy are limited to nuclear power, which has its own concerns, windmills, solar energy and a number of small inefficient technologies; the solution to produce clean, free energy available anywhere in the world 24/7 is up for grabs. Without a radical shift away from fossil fuels in the next very few years we will continue to face increasingly serious effects of global warming.

Briefly we can expect record-shattering storms, catastrophic drought in places in Africa.  But by the 2030s, as temperatures rise, climate hazards are expected to increase all over the globe as different countries face more crippling heat waves, worsening coastal flooding and crop failures. At the same time, mosquitoes carrying diseases like malaria and dengue will spread into new areas.

So are there grounds for hope?  Most people dismiss the possibility that a Perpetual Motion machine could ever exist. I’m not referring to a device which is supposed to produce more energy than it consumes, an obvious impossibility. Nor am I suggesting that it is machine that moves, rotates or drives something while being isolated and with no access to an external energy source. I’m talking about a gravity-enabled machine that was able to rotate and move other devices through the effect of gravity on a number of weights on a wheel freely able to rotate. These were arranged so that the energy that they generated was used in a unique way, to provide more than was needed to keep itself rotating leading to acceleration up to a certain point and therefore other devices were also moving.

At first sight this seems as impossible to achieve, as are the items discussed in the above paragraph, but there are two excellent reasons for being optimistic. One reason is that someone has already built a working model, exhibited it and had it certified as genuine by a man of absolute integrity who was allowed to examine the internal workings.  The second reason is that the inventor wrote not less than three books extolling the virtues of his machine, and in order to protect his invention against theft and competing claims by other inventors, described the full details of his machine in his books, how it worked …. in a series of multiple clues, codes and ciphers. Through these cryptic notes, he explained, his work could finally be acknowledged and his rightful place in history be established, even after his death if necessary, for he declared, he would never just give away the secret of his machine without receiving a full and generous reward and acknowledgement as the true inventor of this remarkable machine.

As a matter of interest the difference between codes and ciphers is this. “ Codes substitute arbitrary symbols—typically, letters or numbers—for the components of the original message. Ciphers use algorithms to transform a message into an apparently random string of characters.” Both systems plus some others unique to the inventor were used.  Much work has already been done to extract the intended meaning from the secret writing and I think the solution is imminent, and better now than later. Why?

We are being bombarded with warnings of impending catastrophes mostly due to climate change. We need to do this and that - and stop doing that and this, to reduce the impact of global warming. It seems as though there is no attempt to look elsewhere for solutions other than the old school, tried and trusted laws of physics, which are pretty well established even though they are based on empirical evidence which in general, looks at what is and ignores what might be.

Astoundingly this machine was first exhibited in 1712! It was and is dismissed as fraud, a scam to get money for a fake invention. The inventor, Johann Bessler, spent his entire life trying to get someone to buy the secret of his machine, almost succeeding when Peter the Great, Czar of Russia, decided to purchase the device and was on his way to do so when his plans were interrupted by his sudden death en route.

I have spent most of my spare time over the last fifty or so years researching the life of Bessler and I have absolutely no doubt that his claim to have invented a gravity-enabled wheel was genuine.

All around the world people are studying his books all trying to decipher the codes and discover the secret of replicating his machine. The benefits of this machine today are incalculable.  As I mentioned previously, imagine a world where you could have free electricity from a simple inexpensive machine, day and night, anywhere the world, in both small units for each house, or huge ones to power whole cities.  It would be an example of low technology, being simple build and simple to maintain.

I have been trying to alert the world to this invention since 1996 and now it’s time for it to come to life again and take its place on the world stage and save this planet and all its inhabitant.  Close all fossil fuelled industries, remove their polluting technologies and replace them with Bessler’s Gravitywheel,  and maybe we have a chance to stop global warming.

All of the books in question are available with full English translations from the panel on the right and in the previous blog.  You can read some of the codes I have deciphered at www.theorffyreuscode.com. Other of my websites also contain deciphered information are linked at the same right hand panel.

JC

The Legend of Bessler’s Wheel or the Orffyreus Wheel and the facts.

Some fifty years ago, after I had established (to my satisfaction at least) that Bessler’s claim to have invented a perpetual motion machine was genuine, I decided to obtain as many verifiable facts pertaining to the legend of Bessler’s wheel as possible.  I believe that my publications below provide a summary of all the information available, but I should mention that I have made considerable progress in deciphering some of the inventor’s coded information, none of this is in the books detailed below, but you visit some of my other websites which give plenty of details.  This information is alluded to several times in his books, but it has taken many years of careful study to make sense of only some of it. Having said that there is considerable speculation about the various ciphers embedded in his works but most are too speculative to accept.

I think that the more we speculate the more confusion we can add. Speculation can be taken as fact and if further ideas are added that can compound the problem. I’m not promoting my books as the ultimate source of information on Bessler because there are so many historical documents which remain unexplored due to their poor condition or because they are lost in numerous private libraries. But for now they provide a quick and easy source of information on Johann Bessler and his perpetual motion machine.

Even though I published my biography of Johann Bessler several years ago, the information in it has not altered, because it is based on old documents written more than 300 years ago. There are new additional facts which need to be added at some point but they are details about his later life and although of interest do not impinge on the history of his perpetual motion machine. There are also Bessler’s own books which he published which cover his life in his own words and provide much information. The only other thing relevant to his story which I didn’t publish are two critiques written by his enemy, Christian Wagner and they are freely available in English at my main website, see below.

What follows is a list of my books, all but my biography were originally produced by Bessler to which I added a full English translation. The books are available in both hard copy and also as a digital PDF file.  The digital file allows easy searches for words and names.

I hope that people will continue to use these books as a source of accurate information in their journey of discovery to find the solution to Bessler’s wheel.

1) “Perpetual Motion: An Ancient Mystery Solved?”  View the synopsis for details of the book’s contents at my web site. http://www.free-energy.co.uk/html/synopsis.html.  Briefly it is an account taken from of every document relating to Bessler that I could find from files held in museums around the world, researched and translated. 

Buy Now

    http://payhip.com/b/7Yvl

2) “Apologia Poetica”   This was Bessler’s account of his life up until the time of Karl the Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel’s patronage. The book contains the original German transcribed into a modern font and includes a full English translation at the rear. I would have preferred to include the original German font but it was in such poor condition that it would have been unreadable. This book contains some allusions to secret codes hidden within the book itself.  

Buy Now

  http://payhip.com/b/oz54

3) “Das Triumphans Perpetuum Mobile “- this was Bessler’s most professionally finished book. It was written in both German and Latin and this edition is a faithful reproduction of the actual pages of the original book. It also includes a full English translation at the rear. A number of drawings are included by the original author and these are said to contain a number of clues as to his machine’s workings.

Buy Now

  http://payhip.com/b/DNUe

4) “Gruendlicher Bericht” - this was Bessler’s first publication, ostensibly produced by a friend although I think one can detect Bessler’s handiwork in places. This copy is also in the original German and includes a full English translation at the rear. It also includes the very first drawing which Bessler published and this also contains clues to the way his machine worked.

Buy Now

  http://payhip.com/b/dahj

5) “Maschinen Tractate” - this was found in the Bessler’s possessions after his death, in the form of a number of pages (141) and which contained a message on the front of the volume which stated that he had removed the drawings which depicted how his machine worked but that some one with a penetrating mind could by studying several drawings ultimately discover the secret of its construction. I have reproduced the drawings as they were found.  I included his handwritten notes with the best translation I could obtain, since the writing is very hard to read.

Buy Now

   http://payhip.com/b/F8ZS

You can also read Christian Wagner’s two critiques of Bessler’s wheel at my main web site.

 Copies of all the above books can be obtained from my web site at 

Books available from www.free-energy.co.uk    

Alternatively you can use the buttons in the lower part of the right side panel under the heading, ‘My Publications’, which also takes you to a payment page.

There are some excellent additional resources and a forum for discussion at the  

Besslerwheel forum

The best German web site is at http://www.besslerrad.de/html/bekannte_details.html

That’s all.  Of course some people prefer to continue their research into perpetual motion machines without referring to Bessler’s own efforts and I respect that, but for those who like to have the information relating to Johann Bessler aka Orffyreus to hand in an easily accessible format, the books detailed above provide a good digital resource.

It is common knowledge that Bessler left a lot of encoded information about how his wheel worked.  I have published a great deal of information about these codes and you read details both here www.the orffyreus code.com and in my previous blogs.

JC

Observations About Johann Bessler and his Codes. Part One and Part Two.

PART ONE

I had planned to provide information about some of my discoveries concerning Bessler’s codes but my plans got disrupted.  Since then I have decided to go more generally into Bessler and his codes.  I believe these observations are accurate and they cover both his personality and his codes. This is part one, hopefully I will publish more of these if only to put them on the forum for discussion or simply information.

I hope this subject might be of interest?  I’m no expert so all the following info gleaned from various google searches.  I think that Bessler  had Asperger’s Syndrome, a development disorder that’s part of the autism spectrum disorder.  People who have this type of autism tend to have a hard time relating to others socially.  Asperger’s is known as a high functioning disorder, meaning it’s not as obvious as other forms of autism.  Asperger’s have problems reading body language and miss cues that are obvious to most people.  They obsess on a particular topic, they exhibit paranoia, but they often have strong verbal skills. In some cases their IQ may be very high, even in the genius range.  They often turn to computer science and apparently many of the best programmers have either Asperger’s syndrome or some of its traits.

Gottfried Leibniz wrote of Bessler, “ Malicious people are trying to get Mr. Orffyreus to think badly of me, particularly as he is of a suspicious nature. I hear that he talks about me in front of the spectators.” In a later letter, Leibniz describes Bessler as his friend, but he has not adapted to the rules of communal life.

These comments support the suggestion of paranoia and social awkwardness similar to Asperger’s.  The obsessive study of perpetual motion is typical of the syndrome and perhaps his higher intellect contributed to his amazing success in solving the puzzle.  His verbal skills were clearly excellent.  But this is just my diagnosis of his personality.

I first attributed Asperger’s to Bessler on reading about the English hacker Gary McKinnon who, in 2002 was accused of penetrating the computers at the Pentagon and  NASA in what was described as the biggest military computer attack of all time. He was seeking anything about UFOs at the time.  He was officially diagnosed as having Asperger’s syndrome and there are a number of similar character traits between the two men.

Of course such obsessions might be suggested as being attached to our own search for the solution that Bessler found?  I’m not qualified to comment!

PART TWO

We are certain in our own minds that Bessler’s claims to have invented, built and demonstrated a genuine perpetual motion machine (PMM).  In his case a PMM is a continuously turning wheel which can also raise heavy weights, turn other wheels or pumps etc.  To be true, it must be enabled by gravity.  The evidence is overwhelming if studied without bias.  

Consider this, if he was genuine then he almost certainly would not have risked his invention being lost to the world after his death.  Indeed he said as much and also wrote in AP, “Those who are keen to ask questions should ask them of this little book.”  He used a well-known code to produce a pseudonym to establish his credentials as being accomplished in the art of ciphers both graphic and textual.   The other point of the encoded pseudonym was designed to hint at further, more complex codes which might provide more detailed information and that is what has happened.

There has been some discussion about whether Bessler used the 24 letter alphabet or the 26 letter one; in my opinion there is no questions he used the 26 letter alphabet.  He was born Elias Bessler, note the inclusion of the letter ‘i.’  Just prior to his first demonstration he added two extra forenames, Johann Ernst, note the addition of the letter ‘j’.  So the letters ‘i’ and ‘j’ are both used.  That fact on its own should settle the argument, but there is much more.

We know he used alphanumerics extensively and J was the tenth letter, E was the fifth letter.  He also used the atbash cipher, so E also became the letter R, and J became W.  Using the 26 letter alphabet R is the 18th letter which fits in with his ubiquitous use of the number 5 and the pentagram.   So J is the tenth letter, but W is the 23rd.  23 doesn’t seem a useful number but Bessler used to draw the letter W in his own special way as two interlocking Roman Vs.  He even managed to find some examples of printers type  arranged as interlocking Vs and used it for his inclusion of Gartner’s name several times in AP.

Why was this important?  I believe it was meant to tell us about the cross.  Note, not the cross-bar, because he uses ‘creuz’ simply translated as ‘cross’.   The letter W with the interlocking Vs includes a perfect cross.  I have said before that this cross is also visible in the scissor mechanisms and it’s clear to me that this is what he meant. In fact the letter W is a highly important part of the mechanism. The several ‘bent’ horizontal bar ‘A’s’  in MT also suggest the scissor mechanisms.  

Bessler deliberately chose the letter ‘J’ in his extra forename to lead via the atbash cipher to the letter ‘W’, and of course to ensure that the correct alphanumerics were applied.

PS I know the idea that Bessler used the 24 letter alphabet has some support, mainly I think because he used 24 numbers in the Merseburg and Weissenstein illustrations, but that number was chosen because he embedded a hidden clock with both pictures.  The reason for the presence of the clock was to hint that the total of the numbers within the picture had to be divided by the twelve hours of the clock.  660 divided by 12 gives 55, another reference to the 5 mechanisms and their interlocked Vs.

JC

 

Information About Johann Bessler’s Wheel.

I have posted a lot of information about Johann Bessler’s wheel since I began this blog in 2009 - there have been 846 posts to date.  I have also written and published five books, as detailed in my previous blog.  

The published books contain a lot of information collected from an huge number of sources and unavailable in this form anywhere else, but there is a wealth of additional  information available through this blog, mainly culled from the carefully embedded hints that Bessler placed within the books he published. Over the years I’ve discussed these clues and found the meaning of most of them and I’ve published many of them both here and on my other websites. You can find links to my other websites listed at the bottom of the right side panel.

What follows is a list of searches worth carrying out for information discussed in this blog.  I had hoped to actually provide links to each subject matter but 864 posts would take too long to peruse and set up the appropriate links, so I must content myself with providing a list which I hope will  an attempt to collate the information and provide links to some of the blog posts containing the subject matter.  You will find the “SEARCH THIS BLOG” window at the top of the right side panel very helpful.  You can copy and paste the words in the search window and search, but I’ve kept the items in the list as short as I can so you can just type anything in.

This list is not in any particular order, and not comprehensive, but try some out, I think you will be pleased with the result. If it produces more than one reference, it adds each page under the first one so it’s worth scrolling downwards to read other posts on the same subject.  I will add to it as and when I think of another subject.

5.

18.

55.

72.

PMAAMS.     (Book) Perpetual Motion, An Ancient Mystery Solved? By JC

GB.                (Book) Grundlicher Bericht.  By Bessler.

AP.                 (Book) Apologia Poetica        By Bessler.

DT.                 (Book) Das Triumphirende     By Bessler.

MT.                 (Book) Maschinen Tractate    By Bessler.

Apologia Wheel.

Alphanumerics.

Atbash cipher.

Bessler skills.

Bible.

Blanks.

Chronograms.

Clock.

Clues.

Circle of fifths.

Circumpunct.

Codes.

Ciphers.

Dodecagram.

Drawing numbers.

Etc.

Evidence.

Euclid.

Faith.

Freemasons.

Gematria.

Global warming.

Golden ratio.

Gravity

Heptagram.

Kassel wheel.

Logo.

MT 137.

Name.

Numerology.

Odd numbers.

Orffyreus.

Pairs.

Paragrams.

Pentagram.

Phi.

Portrait.

Pyramid.

Septagram.

Toys.

W.

X.

 

The Legend of Bessler’s Wheel or the Orffyreus Wheel and the facts.

 The Legend of Bessler’s Wheel or the Orffyreus Wheel and the verifiable facts.

Some fifty years ago, after I had established (to my satisfaction at least) that Bessler’s claim to have invented a perpetual motion machine was genuine, I decided to obtain as many verifiable facts pertaining to the legend of Bessler’s wheel as possible.  I believe that my publications below provide a summary of all the information available, but I should mention that I have made considerable progress in deciphering some of the inventor’s coded information, none of this is in the books detailed below, but you visit some of my other websites which give plenty of details.  This information is alluded to several times in his books, but it has taken many years of careful study to make sense of only some of it. Having said that there is considerable speculation about the various ciphers embedded in his works but most are too speculative to accept.

I think that the more we speculate the more confusion we can add. Speculation can be taken as fact and if further ideas are added that can compound the problem. I’m not promoting my books as the ultimate source of information on Bessler because there are so many historical documents which remain unexplored due to their poor condition or because they are lost in numerous private libraries. But for now they provide a quick and easy source of information on Johann Bessler and his perpetual motion machine.

Even though I published my biography of Johann Bessler several years ago, the information in it has not altered, because it is based on old documents written more than 300 years ago. There are new additional facts which need to be added at some point but they are details about his later life and although of interest do not impinge on the history of his perpetual motion machine. There are also Bessler’s own books which he published which cover his life in his own words and provide much information. The only other thing relevant to his story which I didn’t publish are two critiques written by his enemy, Christian Wagner and they are freely available in English at my main website, see below.

What follows is a list of my books, all but my biography were originally produced by Bessler to which I added a full English translation. The books are available in both hard copy and also as a digital PDF file.  The digital file allows easy searches for words and names.

I hope that people will continue to use these books as a source of accurate information in their journey of discovery to find the solution to Bessler’s wheel.

1) “Perpetual Motion: An Ancient Mystery Solved?”  View the synopsis for details of the book’s contents at my web site. http://www.free-energy.co.uk/html/synopsis.html.  Briefly it is an account taken from of every document relating to Bessler that I could find from files held in museums around the world, researched and translated. 

Buy Now

    http://payhip.com/b/7Yvl

2) “Apologia Poetica”   This was Bessler’s account of his life up until the time of Karl the Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel’s patronage. The book contains the original German transcribed into a modern font and includes a full English translation at the rear. I would have preferred to include the original German font but it was in such poor condition that it would have been unreadable. This book contains some allusions to secret codes hidden within the book itself.  

Buy Now

  http://payhip.com/b/oz54

3) “Das Triumphans Perpetuum Mobile “- this was Bessler’s most professionally finished book. It was written in both German and Latin and this edition is a faithful reproduction of the actual pages of the original book. It also includes a full English translation at the rear. A number of drawings are included by the original author and these are said to contain a number of clues as to his machine’s workings.

Buy Now

  http://payhip.com/b/DNUe

4) “Gruendlicher Bericht” - this was Bessler’s first publication, ostensibly produced by a friend although I think one can detect Bessler’s handiwork in places. This copy is also in the original German and includes a full English translation at the rear. It also includes the very first drawing which Bessler published and this also contains clues to the way his machine worked.

Buy Now

  http://payhip.com/b/dahj

5) “Maschinen Tractate” - this was found in the Bessler’s possessions after his death, in the form of a number of pages (141) and which contained a message on the front of the volume which stated that he had removed the drawings which depicted how his machine worked but that some one with a penetrating mind could by studying several drawings ultimately discover the secret of its construction. I have reproduced the drawings as they were found.  I included his handwritten notes with the best translation I could obtain, since the writing is very hard to read.

Buy Now

   http://payhip.com/b/F8ZS

You can also read Christian Wagner’s two critiques of Bessler’s wheel at my main web site.

 Copies of all the above books can be obtained from my web site at 

Books available from www.free-energy.co.uk    

Alternatively you can use the buttons in the lower part of the right side panel under the heading, ‘My Publications’, which also takes you to a payment page.

There are some excellent additional resources and a forum for discussion at the  

Besslerwheel forum

The best German web site is at http://www.besslerrad.de/html/bekannte_details.html

That’s all.  Of course some people prefer to continue their research into perpetual motion machines without referring to Bessler’s own efforts and I respect that, but for those who like to have the information relating to Johann Bessler aka Orffyreus to hand in an easily accessible format, the books detailed above provide a good digital resource.

It is common knowledge that Bessler left a lot of encoded information about how his wheel worked.  I have published a great deal of information about these codes and you read details both here www.the orffyreus code.com and in my previous blogs.

JC

Update on my PoP Bessler Wheel

I know from emails I’ve received that people have been wondering what’s been happening with my promised construction of what I believe will be an accurate copy of Bessler’s wheel.  It proceeds at a snail’s pace but it proceeds and I’ve completed most of the five mechanisms, and I remain confident that it will work.  For most of this year my time has been taken up with other work unconnected with Bessler’s wheel and it has had to be relegated to the odd few minutes when I can access the workshop to continue to build it.  

Even before I’ve finished my build, I’ve decided I will try to describe exactly how it works with simple diagrams and text which I hope will provide a convincing explanation of the build I’m engaged in.  The configuration is very simple but it does involve a principle which looks very obvious but has never, as far as I can tell, ever been shown before.

I tried to explain the design previously but I got too involved in tracing my journey to a particular design via Bessler’s clues, many of which no one is aware of.  This time I will leave out the clues and just try to explain the design.  I have had help from some very kind people but my efforts to use sims, kindly provided for me are too difficult to learn at my age, so I just have to try to get the explanations clear with a video and text and drawings.  But I’ll try to keep it simple!

I’m certain I understand the ‘connectedness principle’ mentioned by Bessler in his MT document.  Although it’s very simple it seems to have been overlooked by everyone including myself.  Weirdly, the solution came to me in a dream, just like Bessler’s did, about a year ago and I’m confident that I’m right.  The subconscious never sleeps and in my opinion continues to turn long standing problems over and over while we are asleep, searching for a solution.  The trick lies in trying to let one’s own consciousness become aware of the results of one’s subconscious activity and findings.

I often read of people who can recall their dreams in detail, but usually I can recall very little about my dreams, but in this case I awoke seeing an almost complete image of the wheel’s configuration, which I managed to retain in my minds eye.

I will attempt to publish the details in the next few weeks, at the same time I’m going try to make a YouTube video demonstrating my design which I hope to publish as well.

Thank you to those who never lost their faith in my promises and also for your overwhelming patience.  You will be rewarded soon.

JC

The Code contained in the Orffyrean Declaration of Faith - Part Four

 SKILLED CODEBREAKER NEEDED!

Do you have the skills to decipher a 300 hundred year old code which could revolutionise the way we produce cheap clean energy? If the answer is yes, read on.

Deciphering the Orffyrean Declaration of Faith

 

 Part Four

I think it will be helpful for those people interested in studying the coded information discussed in these latest three blogs to study the actual pages I have used from the original publication Apologia Poetica by Johann Bessler (AKA Orffyreus).

So in order to assist anyone who feels that they may be able to advance the work I’ve done so far, limited as it is, I have reproduced copies of the relevant pages from chapter 55 of Apologia Poetica and numbered all of the lines including the four blank ones. I have drawn red arrows to identify where they are, and included them in the line count and you will see that there are four. Using the numbers it should be possible to identify, firstly the particular line and then the position of the letter or space.

To do this one must first find out how to ‘read’ the bible references. I haven’t given up on believing I can do this, but putting this on the internet seems a good way to bring what I have done so far to people’s attention and perhaps it will catch the eye of a better code-breaker than I. Maybe he or she can break the log jam and reveal the message Bessler was so determined to leave us, but which he was equally determined should not be revealed too soon. More than 300 years have passed and I think it’s time for the message to be read.

Anyway within these eight pages are contained both the bible references as well as the 54 stanzas (plus the four blank lines) which conceal the secret message. The encoded part ends on the last page with the last word ‘Ende’.

As I mentioned on the first of these Declaration of Faith blogs, I first published this information back in 2010, yet nothing further has been accomplished, as far as I know, so please, if you have the required skills or know some who has, please show them my work here and perhaps, eventually we will be able read about how Bessler’s wheel worked.

JC

The Code contained in the Orffyrean Declaration of Faith - Part Three

  

SKILLED CODEBREAKER NEEDED!

Do you have the skills to decipher a 300 hundred year old code which could revolutionise the way we produce cheap clean energy? If the answer is yes, read on.

Deciphering the Orffyrean Declaration of Faith

 

 Part Three

Apologia Poetica - the clues to deciphering Orffyreus’ secret message.

 

 

The Decoding of Chapter 55

 Now we are further along the path to deciphering Johann  Bessler’s secret message we can see that there are provisions made to identify the particular lines he intended us to look at, now we need to know where on that line we should find the required letter or word.

 

You can see in the above picture that the references are abbreviated which gives considerable scope to adapt them as pointers to a specific piece of text.

These references it seemed to me, held the possibility of a coded message which might yet reveal Bessler’s secrets and were part of the code. I doubted that they are in themselves a part of the coded text but their abbreviated format looked like it might be an ideal device for pointing to specific letters or words within the text. 

In my search for other small anomalies used by Bessler as clues to deciphering his codes I discovered several apparent errors, which, under any other circumstances would be regarded as accidental or coincidental, but here, knowing how Bessler worked, I assumed that they were intentional.  

Among the 141 bible references I found some duplicates. I found this surprising, given the care with which the whole publication had been created, and I speculated that this might be another pointer to a piece of the puzzle? There were five biblical references duplicated; namely, Titus 2.verse 14; 1. Timothy 3, verse 16; 1. Corinthians 10, verse 31; Titus.2, verse 11; and Romans. 3 verse 24. Coincidence and a simple error seemed likely until I realized that there were five duplications making 5 and 5 or 55, again. To add weight to the fact that they are deliberate duplications and designed to be noticed, the first two are on the first page and it’s unlikely that Bessler wouldn’t have noticed this if it was an error. 

A study of the actual texts referenced in the bible revealed nothing of interest and I quickly came to the conclusion that most of the texts to which the biblical references related were irrelevant to deciphering the clues for the following reasons. Firstly there were a number of different versions of the bible extant, sometimes with the texts and/or the verse-numbering varying from one to another.  Another quirk of the bible references shown here, is the frequent appearance of neighbouring verses which you would think should next to each other, but which are quoted in different places, making one wonder why he did not place them together. I decided that if the bible references were a clue then they probably were intended to be used as a pointer to specific words or letters within a certain line or a four line stanza. 

Letters or Words? 

Would Bessler have used letters of words? I decided letters would be better and I was able to confirm this to my own satisfaction by checking so see if there were any German words within the lines of the 55 stanzas, which might be of use in explaining how the machine worked. If the code pointed to whole words then they should appear somewhere within the text. I was thinking of the German for such words as, wheel, weight, round, rotate, lever etc. None of these appears and in any case it would be too obvious. So knew I had to search for the right letter in a certain line within the 55 stanzas.

At this point I realised that I had assumed that the resulting message would be in German, but I realised he might have used Latin in which he was  proficient.  It doesn’t matter yet, but it’s worth keeping it in mind.

Which Letter and which Line?

One thing that struck me was that the upper case letters of each book referenced would make a good pointer to the exact letter in a particular line. The reason for this was that I had already noticed that there were rarely more than about 30 letters in each line so the 24 letters of the alphabet in use then might easily be used in this way.  An upper case "M" being the thirteenth letter in a 26 letter alphabet could point to the 13th letter in a certain line. 

Secondly the verse numbers referenced from the Bible ran from 1 to 172 and the chapter numbers from 1 to 118. There were 55 four line stanzas in chapter 55 so a total of 220 lines, including the four blank ones. The verse numbers did not exceed the number 220 so it could be argued that this lends credence to the idea that the verse and/or chapter numbers could indicate the line number.

According to my speculations then, the upper case letter of each book of the bible quoted pointed to a letter on a particular line and the line to be used was indicated by the verse number or was it the book number or both? This I felt, looked very promising and I set to work to try to identify the relevant line of each stanza. The first bible reference in chapter 55, which was isolated from the rest of the references, being the only one on the first page, did not contain a verse number, just Judae 19.

The bible text to which Judae 19 refers, reads, "These are they who separate themselves, sensual men, having not the Spirit." And the text adjacent to the bible reference above, reads ( As my chattering enemies seem to). Neither items seem particularly relevant. The number 19 suggested line 19 to me, but when I checked, it was on line 18. This was so close I had to double check and it was then that I realised that the first of the four blank lines came in at line 17 and if included in the count made the 'Judae 19' reference, line 19.  I tried to see if the text I quoted above, "

‘These are they who separate themselves..." had any relation to the feature identified with it, and I guess it is possible to see that the blank lines do separate or split the text, but it is a pretty vague connection. "These are they who separate themselves.." might be the nearest quotation that Bessler could get to providing a hint that these were the spaces that separate the text. 

Including the blank lines in the count is a simple but clever way of protecting the casual code-breaker from stumbling across the right clues, too easily. The fact that the line numbering clue is included here in the first bible reference confirms to my mind that these 220 lines contain the encoded message. Some may argue that because the verse references only go to 172, the 220 lines are more than were needed, but remember that there had to be a multiple of 55 to attract our attention to the right chapter, so 220 it had to be, and Bessler needed less than 220 verse numbers to achieve his aim.

Spaces Between the Words?

 It occurred to me that I had omitted to take into account something else. If, as I have suggested, the code is composed of individual letters picked out according to the instructions of the code, should I not allow for spaces too? The letters cannot be allowed to run together in one long stream, so there must surely be spaces indicated to separate each word. To this end I think that this is also indicated in the first bible reference, Judae 19, see again, below.

 

Notice that the text which accompanies the reference has a bracket followed by a space, then the text, and finally a closed bracket without an intervening space. There are just 21 letters in the sentence, two brackets and three spaces. It might be a coincidence but I doubt it - 21 letter plus 2 brackets and three spaces adds up to 26, the number of letters in the 26 letter alphabet. We have already seen that this phrase in brackets right next to the first bible reference tells us that blank lines must be included in the line count, and now a space is to be counted within the text as well. So we can add to that the possibility that the line number is indicated by the chapter number and the verse number when present.

Does the letter J indicate the letter position? It's the tenth letter of the 26 letter alphabet. So perhaps the J of Judae is indicating the 10th letter in the sentence, including any spaces? 

Bessler made much of the dual turning capabilities of his wheel and even included suggestions of it in his drawings and I considered the possibility that he might just count his letters from the end of the line instead of the beginning. Counting backwards reveals that the space in between 'Schwatzer' and 'feindliche' is the tenth item. This appears to confirm that spaces in between lines and words are to be counted and the letter or space can be identified by means of the upper case letter of the bible reference - and count from the end not the beginning.

I know that I have suggested that the first letter of each Bible reference indicates which number letter on the line is indicated, plus how many letters in lower case are to be included, but in this case it doesn’t include the the number of lower case numbers.  The reason why is that firstly Bessler needed this reference to point to the separations of ‘These are they who separate themselves...".  It’s likely that this was the best quote he could find that included the number 19 and it was one he could use.  It is why it’s on its own on the first page.  The next thing he needed was to point out the the variations in the Bible reference abbreviations.

 

Typos or Deliberate Anomalies?

 Some of the abbreviated bible books referred to have different spellings. Notice in the example below that Matthew is spelled with one "t" first and two "t"s secondly. For two reasons I think this is part of the deciphering method. Firstly it occurs right near the beginning, in the second and third references on the first page of the main list of references, and there are several more instances in the 141 references; and secondly it provides for detailed variations in the identifying procedure.

We know that Bessler used both alphabetic substitution, as in his pseudonym, and alphanumeric substitution (as in the Romanised capitals used under the Apologia Poetica wheel drawing). However in this case, alphanumeric substitution is out because when the individual letters are added up they come to more than the number of letters and spaces in each line. That this is part of the deciphering process and not careless spelling is certain and therefore there has to be a reason for it.  A clue to its use can be found, as can all of Bessler's coded clues, in his published drawings. In more than one instance we are led to count up the number of letters used for labelling the items in each drawing and in this case I think we must do the same - and total their accumulated numbers.

Consider this. I have said that there are about 30 letters used in each sentence, plus an assortment of spaces to count, yet we have only 26 available to identify each letter. But in fact we have fewer than 26 because Bessler uses the books of the bible to identify the required letter and therefore he is limited by their scarcity. The first bible reference on page 122, the first page of references after Judae 19, is Rom.1.v.16. by picking a letter such as R in Rom (Romans) he can suggest 18 as R is the 18th letter, but then by adding the letters ‘om’, they are just two letters and he can thereby add two to the total. So in the example above, the two Matthews. He can mean M = 13 and add just three to the total and get 16, or in the second example, add four to get 17.  The following letters appear as the capital letters used by Bessler in his bible codes. I have only produced one example of each but there are several.

Act - Apoc - Cor - Col - Deut - Eph - Esa - Ezech - Gal - Gen - Hebr - Hiob - 

Hos - Jac - Jer - Joh - Judae - Job - Levit - Luc - Marc - Math - Micha - Phi -

Pet - Prov - Psal - Rom - Reg - Sap - Tit - Thess - Thren - Tim

Although 34 books are referenced, only 13 begin with a different capital letter, but with several alternative spellings it is possible to arrive at a total equalling any required letter count. Not only is this useful, it is also necessary as Bessler must also have had to count spaces as well as letters to find the right letter position along the line, but also point out a space to be included to separate the deciphered letters into words. These extra letters give him that option.

Returning to the penultimate page again, six lines from the top and apparently the fourth bible reference on the page, is a strange reference,  ‘B.Weisth.7’.  I was unable to find any indication of which bible this came from and if it had been just that, I might have assumed that it was some local book that was familiar to the local people of that part of Germany, but there was an anomaly. All of the fonts used for the actual bible references are in normal Roman script, not dissimilar to that which appears on this page. You can see the font used in the first reference below - two types of font in the first line and note that the usual font used for the references is Joh 1. v.1.14, underlined in the illustration below.

 Notice that the text that accompanies those references, on the left, and is used in the rest of the book, is in the German Fraktur font which was commonly used at the time. But in the ringed reference the font used is the Fraktur one.  Why is ‘B.Weisth.7’ in the Fraktur style too, like the rest of the book when all the other references here are in Roman script. There is one other example of the bible references being written in Fraktur, and it is the references immediately below ‘B.Weisth.7’, I have underlined it at the bottom of the above picture. I suspect that this difference is somehow to be taken as part of the code rather than a pointer to it.  But what did it mean?

The only meanings I could find for the word ‘Weisth’, were a fairly rare last name; a reference to some text in Grimm’s fairytales, and its use as an abbreviation for ‘Weist(h)’or ‘Wistuom’mwhich means ‘wisdom’. It can also be used to refer to a collection of dictums, or sayings and also applies to a ‘judicial sentence serving as a precedent’. This was all very well but I wondered, how was I to find book 7 of wise old sayings. Then one day while checking the translations of some German words I came across ‘Weist’, without the ‘h’, meaning ‘gives’, ‘points to’, alludes to, or alternatively, rejects, repels, expels, identifies, refers to, or transfers’. Quite a range of meanings and yet it seemed to me that ‘alludes to’, or ‘points to’, or ‘refers to’ or even ‘expels’, might just be the desired meaning.  Now this looked interesting and perhaps I was trying to make the clues fit my purpose but it certainly seemed worthy of further investigation.

I tried transposing the phrase, ‘B’, points to 7, or ‘B alludes to 7’. If B was equal to 7, then A must be equal to 5, and therefore V must equal 1. Or it could be reversed and if B equalled 7 then C was 6 and H equalled 1. The last just felt wrong. I was sure that Bessler would have used the letter V to represent 1 rather than creating some obscure relationship between H and 1. V equalled five in Roman numerals and besides, if V equalled 1, then Bessler had in effect moved the alphabet backwards just five positions. Five again. But if B really does allude to 7, did that mean B equalled G, five places ahead, or did it mean that B actually equalled the number 7? I feel sure that it meant the letter ‘G’ as we are looking for a text not a series of numbers.

How are we to know when to apply the alphabetic substitution? Looking at the first reference after Judae 19, we see Rom.1.v.16. According to my theory the capital R, as the 18th letter in the alphabet, means that we should look at the 18th letter, firstly on line 1, (Rom.1.v.16) and then again on line 16, because verse 16 is also in the reference. But should we first, add 2 to the letter ‘R’ for the ‘om’ of Rom to get 20? Yes, in my opinion.

In Part Four I’ll discuss the table details all of the abbreviated bible references as shown in chapter 55. I have attempted to include every single feature of the references as they appear in the original book and have included or omitted every full stop (period) according to the original. In the tables below, the duplicated references are highlighted in similar colours. The varied spelling of the abbreviated references is accurate and according to the original. The page numbers at the head of each column are the ones on which the references appeared in the original Apologia Poetica. Items 126 and 128 appear in their Fraktur font as per the original.

And either the next part or the final part will include copies of the actual pages showing all the Bible references and their numbering plus of course the four blank lines.

JC